What errors does an NDB suffer from?
What errors does an NDB suffer from?
NDB errors:
Interference from other NDB’s
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Static, especially near thunderstorms
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Night effect Coastal refraction
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Mountain effect
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Aircraft quadrantal error
What increases Mcrit?
What increases Mcrit?
Swept wings, thin wings.
What can you tell about adiabatic lapse rates?
What can you tell about adiabatic lapse rates?
When considering a volume of air, adiabatic lapse rate is the temperature change that is caused by the vertical movement of the volume, andThe Lapse Rate is the rate at which temperature changes with height in the atmosphere.
The Environmental Lapse Rate (ELR) is according to ISA 2°C per 1000 feet increasing altitude.
For unsaturated air, the lapse rate is 3°C per 1000 feet, this is called the Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR).
The Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate (SALR) is the rate at which saturated air cools with height and is, at low levels and latitudes, 1.8°C per 1000 feet.
Which flight will take the shortest time, from London to New York or New York to London?
Which flight will take the shortest time, from London to New York or New York to London?
New York to London (flying east) would take less time because of the Polar front westerly jet stream.
Can you explain to me what Mach tuck is?
Can you explain to me what Mach tuck is?
Mach tuck is a nose-down pitching moment experienced as an aircraft passes Mcrit.
Mach tuck is a form of longitudinal instability that is caused by the centre of pressures rearward movement (caused by the shock wave) behind the centre of gravity.
Can you go through DA or MDA?
Can you go through DA or MDA?
You can go through a DA, but not a MDA.
A Decision Height, used in precision approaches, defines the point where a go around should be performed. It accounts for the altitude loss during the initial seconds of the go around maneuver.
The MDA does not account for this and assumes the pilot will never go below this altitude. When performing a CDFA most operators establish a Derived Decision altitude (DDA) to account for the extra lost altitude.
What are the dangers of flying into thunderstorms?
What are the dangers of flying into thunderstorms?
Dangers of flying into thunderstorms:
Severe wind shear and turbulence (with a risk of structural problems, loss of altitude, loss of airspeed) Severe icing Hail Lightning strikes (with a risk of damage to electrical systems) Radio Communications and Navigation interference from static electricity in thunderstorms
What is a wing tip?
What is a wing tip?
A wing tip is the part of the wing that is the most distant from the fuselage of a fixed-wing aircraft.
What frequency range and band is an NDB in?
What frequency range and band is an NDB in?
Frequency range from 200-1750kHz, medium and low range frequency bands.
What are winglets and what is the advantage of winglets?
What are winglets and what is the advantage of winglets?
They are aerodynamically efficient surfaces located at the wing tips, designed to reduce induced drag and increase fuel efficiency.
They increase efficiency by reducing the size of the wingtip vortices, which are created by the difference between the pressure on the upper surface of the wing and that on the lower surface.